Cross Cultural Perspectives

Today’s speedy developing globalized economies and contest has forced organizations to spread out their business internationally for sustenance in the business, which has introduced numerous cultural barriers in nation to nation. These cultural barriers generate ethical disquiet when the firm expands its operations outside the US.   This document will focus on an international firm and a cultural concern that affects this firm’s interactions outside the US stressing on ethical perspective.
The Nike Inc. is a renowned global business entity. From the start, the firm has turned to other nations as a means of inexpensive labor. Nike first surfaced as Blue Ribbon Sports founded by Philip Knight along with Bill Bowerman. The firm decided to shift to Asian countries for instance Japan in order to save money through a reduced cost of labor and manufacturing (Azam, 1999).

As the corporation continued to enlarge their line of merchandise, they also extended their outsourcing to additional countries such as Pakistan, China, Vietnam and other nations. In Pakistan, the firm faced severe allegations of poor operating conditions and the usage of infant labor. The accusations were that there existed young kids edging the soccer balls produced by the firm. Many states’ that soccer balls for years have been produced largely in Sialkot, Pakistan in companies such as Nike, and it has been approximated that thousands of kids have been employed for soccer balls’ stitching. Dissimilar cultures have diverse analysis on how much duties children could have. . The way infancy is supposed not only diverges among countries but additionally from civilization to civilization. Childhood practices do not simply diverge across nations but also inside a single culture and throughout dissimilar ethnic groups (Khan 2010). For instance, even in some poor, nations, policies developed to safeguard the nations against severe poverty levels are created towards empowering kids through education. Subjecting kids into working situations deprives them of their childhood rights of education and socializing but also introduces them into slavery.  Numerous cultures in the world protect the children since they are their future. I find Nike’s preference to child labor very inhumane in the eyes of every individual and global culture.

Nike as a result going global must obey and accomplish in order to remain globally competitive. The company must rise beyond the allegations it has previously underwent.  Nike faced a lot of ethical and social responsibilities challenges in their expansion to other countries. Firstly as analyzed the issue of child labor along with the sweat shop crisis has introduced the company into numerous legal challenges. This is an ethical issue that Nike has to obey in order to remain in the international business. Additionally, Nike has been faced with another obstacle of awarding the workers an extremely low wage forcing them to do unpaid overtime in nations like Vietnam and Indonesia through a subcontractor. Nike will have to conform with locally and internationally set wage limits for its workers, this is the price of going global and which must be accomplished. An added difficulty faced by Nike is deprived operating conditions, filthy working conditions along with compulsory labor in many of the factories that produce their products.    Nike has been accused of damaging the environment that is attained through air and water pollution, noises and adjust in the typical weather as a result of pollution etc.  Nike must ensure that it maintains the environmental standards of the areas they operate if not making them better, production measures must be put in place to avert air pollution including other forms of damaging the environment (Burns, Spar, & Harvard Business School, 2000).

Ethical Perspectives

Duty perspective; this perspective is concerned with people’s obligations to others. Duties are usually seen as natural, collective, balanced, and self-evident. In our case duty ethics like moral law a company actions have a responsibility to observe a set of rules. According to this perspective, Nike has a duty to comply with moral guidelines and, consequently, it is frequently considered a type of basic ethics. Nike has shown absolute failure in the duty perspective, it has subjected kids to illegal labor, it has persistently paid unimaginable wages to its workers along with many other failures.

Rights Perspectives

This perspective stresses on the responsibility among self and others, grounded on the task that the collective owes the individual. Thus, the collective’s duty is owed to the person in the appearance of rights (e.g., equality). In our case the rights perspective universalizes ethics, consequently, rights should be considered inalienable. This means that Nike must respect workers rights in whichever country they operate in.   Nike has denied the right to a fair wage, the right to education for kids and the rights join unions.

Virtue perspective

Virtue ethics symbolizes a middle ground among duty and rights. Individuals have the responsibility to self-actualize and, thus, they should be given the space to complete that self-actualization. This viewpoint suggests that every human is born with intrinsic potential and, consequently, human growth is through the effort for self-actualization. A deed is judged grounded on whether it permits for expression of complete potential, thus generating benefits for both a person and the community. Nike has evidently failed to in this particular perspective since workers are subjected to forceful labor and are not allowed to express themselves in any way. Previously workers were disallowed to join unions; this was done to cripple the workers voices (DiFazio & Aronowitz, 2006).

When a firm wants to strengthen steady, ethical patterns of behavior, effectual communications amongst members of that firm can create the difference linking success and failure. For a firm to act ethically it should live and respire its policy of conduct, teach its workers and communicate its policy via its visioning statements.

The corporation requires making sure that it obeys the set international and local labor guidelines to recover its tarnished image and in order to support any future expansion to other countries. Additionally the administration of Nike require to view its hiring practices; to make sure that the corporation is observing the regulations on recruitment, training, fitness, protection and welfare. The administration should also supervise that the ecological practices. This is to guarantee the company follows measures that are responsible regarding waste disposal along with pollution prevention (Businessethics, 2010).

   The firm should conduct and devise a training plan for the workers. Training and development endeavors enable the workers to assume extended duties and larger responsibilities. The executive must also keep in mind that training and development plans are not complete solutions to all needs of the company. Effectual job designs, selecting, placement along with other activities of the HR unit are also very central.

References

Azam, F. (1999). NIKE and Child Labor. Retrieved August 5, from http://www1.american.edu/ted/nike.htm

Burns, J. L., Spar, D. L., & Harvard Business School. (2000). Hitting the wall: Nike and international labor practices. Boston, Mass: Harvard Business School Pub.

Businessethics. (2010). Nike: Corporate Responsibility at a “Tipping Point” | Business Ethics. Retrieved August 5, from http://business-ethics.com/2010/01/24/2154-nike-corporate-responsibility-at-a-tipping-point/

DiFazio, W., & Aronowitz, S. (2006). Ethical Perspectives and Practices. Retrieved August 5, from http://www.sagepub.com/upm-data/10924_Chapter2.pdf