| Authors | Article title | Findings | Recommendations |
| Barnes, Wesley Ismail, Khaled M. Crome, Ilana B. | Triply troubled: Criminal behavior and mental health in a cohort of teenage pregnant substance misusers in treatment. | Most women who are drug abusers in their early ages continue though their pregnancies | Counseling |
| Tekku, Leigh Morris., Daniel Salas, Joanne and Xaverius, Pamela | Racial Disparities in Pregnancy-Related Drinking Reduction. | It was difficult for women to quit using of drugs when they gave birth. Some women, American and Indian, reduced their drinking habits | Identification of methods of dealing with addictions |
| Parish, Danielle, Sternberg, Kirk Velasquez, Mary Chokran, Jerry Sampson, McClain Mullen, Patricia | Characteristics and Factors Associated with the Risk of a Nicotine Exposed Pregnancy: Expanding the CHOICES Preconception Counseling Model to Tobacco. | Nicotine use during pregnancy was related to many negative social factors including unfaithfulness, improper education, and physical abuse | Effective prevention measures should be implemented |
| Lindbland, Frank Hjern, Anders | ADHD after fetal exposure to maternal smoking | Smoking increases the risk of contracting ADHD in children by two to four times | Methods to deal with tobacco addiction should be identified |
| Warren, Kenneth R Hewitt, Brenda G Thomas, Jennifer D. | Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: Research Challenges and Opportunities. | Many women continue to use alcohol during pregnancy | Refinement of prevention measures Identification of methods of eliminating the effects of substance use on babies |
| Konijnenberg, Carolien Melinder, Anika | Prenatal exposure to methadone and buprenorphine: A review of the potential effects on cognitive development. | May influence cognitive development | Avoidance |
| Meschke, Laurie Holl, Joyce Messelt sara | Older Not Wiser: Risk of Prenatal Alcohol Use by Maternal Age. | The level of drinking was dependent on the age at which the woman got pregnant. Younger women were more likely to use drugs | counseling |
| Santiago, Sarah E Park, Grace H Huffman, Kelly J. | Consumption habits of pregnant women and implications for developmental biology: a survey of predominantly Hispanic women in California. | Women continued to drink alcohol despite measures to counsel them against it | Prevention measures should be created |
| Bailey, Beth A Sokol, Robert J | Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Miscarriage, Stillbirth, Preterm Delivery, and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. | Increases risks of miscarriage, stillbirth, sudden child death syndrome and preterm delivery | Avoidance of harmful substances |
| Rachidi, S., Awada, S., Al-Hajje, A., Bawab, W., Zein, S., Saleh, N., & Salameh, P. | Risky substance exposure during pregnancy: a pilot study from Lebanese mothers | Mothers who consumed alcohol tobacco and other drugs during pregnancy had low Apgar scores, high risk of underweight and complications of babies | Prevention measures should be erected. Exposure to harmful products should be controlled |
References
Rachidi, S., Awada, S., Al-Hajje, A., Bawab, W., Zein, S., Saleh, N., & Salameh, P. (2013). Risky substance exposure during pregnancy: a pilot study from Lebanese mothers. Drug, Healthcare And Patient Safety, (default), 123.
BAILEY, B. A., & SOKOL, R. J. (2011). Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Miscarriage, Stillbirth, Preterm Delivery, and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. Alcohol Research & Health, 34(1), 86-91.
Santiago, S. E., Park, G. H., & Huffman, K. J. (2013). Consumption habits of pregnant women and implications for developmental biology: a survey of predominantly Hispanic women in California. Nutrition Journal, 12(1), 1-14. doi:10.1186/1475-2891-12-91
Meschke, L., Holl, J., & Messelt, S. (2013). Older Not Wiser: Risk of Prenatal Alcohol Use by Maternal Age. Maternal & Child Health Journal, 17(1), 147-155. doi:10.1007/s10995-012-0953-7
Konijnenberg, C., & Melinder, A. (2011). Prenatal exposure to methadone and buprenorphine: A review of the potential effects on cognitive development. Child Neuropsychology, 17(5), 495-519. doi:10.1080/09297049.2011.553591
WARREN, K. R., HEWITT, B. G., & THOMAS, J. D. (2011). Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: Research Challenges and Opportunities. Alcohol Research & Health, 34(1), 4-14.
Lindblad, F., & Hjern, A. (2010). ADHD after fetal exposure to maternal smoking. Nicotine & Tobacco Research, 12(4), 408-415. doi:10.1093/ntr/ntq017
Parrish, D., Sternberg, K., Velasquez, M., Cochran, J., Sampson, M., & Mullen, P. (2012). Characteristics and Factors Associated with the Risk of a Nicotine Exposed Pregnancy: Expanding the CHOICES Preconception Counseling Model to Tobacco. Maternal & Child Health Journal, 16(6), 1224-1231. doi:10.1007/s10995-011-0848-z
Tenkku, L., Morris, D., Salas, J., & Xaverius, P. (2009). Racial Disparities in Pregnancy-Related Drinking Reduction. Maternal & Child Health Journal, 13(5), 604-613. doi:10.1007/s10995-008-0409-2
Barnes, W., Ismail, K. K., & Crome, I. B. (2010). Triply troubled: Criminal behaviour and mental health in a cohort of teenage pregnant substance misusers in treatment. Criminal Behaviour & Mental Health, 20(5), 335-348. doi:10.1002/cbm.776
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