BIOLOGY 103 Spring 2015
FINAL EXAMINATION
Please copy and paste the final examination into a Word file. Complete it in this form (do not make any structural changes!) and submit it as an attachment into your Assignment Folder. Do not forget to put your name on top of the exam!
The absolute deadline for submission is Sunday, March 8, NOON.
I cannot accept any later submissions.
YOUR NAME:
_______________________________________________________________
Total possible points: 100
I. Multiple choice questions. Please bold or underline the correct answer (1point each=50 points)
1. In October of 2003, a raging wildfire swept through the mountain ecosystems in Southern California, burning everything in its path to the ground and driving away all of the animals. In order for the mountain ecosystem to establish itself, which member of the food web has to return first?
2. Suppose you conduct an experiment which simulates glacial recession over time. What is the dependent variable in this experiment?
3. How many dependent variables can be tested during any single experiment?
4. The effectiveness of a medication containing growth hormones is tested on a group of young male rabbits 3 weeks of age. The best control group would be:
5. When writing a lab report or a research paper, you need to show what the difference is between the “Results” section and the ”Discussion” section. Which of the following is correct?
6. What characteristic of carbon makes it a good backbone for creating diverse and durable molecules?
7. Which of the following reactions or pathways is catabolic?
8. One human disease is caused by a change in the DNA from GAA to GUA. This change is an example of:
9. What subatomic particles are found in the nucleus?
10. Which of the following describes H20, NaCl, CO2, and HCl?
11. Which of the following correctly describes a buffer?
12. Which term does not belong in this list?
13. The process in which molecules spread randomly from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration is:
14. Organize the following solutions from most concentrated to least concentrated: hypertonic, hypotonic, and isotonic.
15. The rate of diffusion depends on which of the following?
16. All of the following are examples of elements except
17. What would happen to a eukaryotic cell, if too much osmotic pressure develops within a cell?
18. Inthe following chemical reaction, what is carbon dioxide (CO2)?
12 H20 + 6 CO2 = 1 glucose molecule + 6 O2
A. substrate
B. product
C. enzyme
D. activation factor
E. independent variable
19. The bond in which two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons is a_________ bond.
20. Which of the following terms includes all of the chemical reactions that occur within a cell?
21. Within a cell, energy released by electrons is often used to phosphorylate which of the following molecules?
22. All of the following apply to glycolysis except
23. In which of the phases of cellular respiration is the majority of ATP formed?
24. The energy of the sun is converted into usable energy for the cell in the form of _________.
25. The starting materials of photosynthesis are _____________
26. What type of macro-molecule is frequently an enzyme?
27. What function do enzymes perform?
28. The most important aspect of cellular respiration is that ___________________
29. The statement best describes the relationship between plants and animals on earth is
30. What is the function of the ribosome?
31. What is the function of the lysosome?
32. In what stage of the cell cycle is genetic content replicated?
33. How many chromatids comprise a duplicated chromosome?
34. Which of the following could not be a sequence of RNA?
35. The product of meiosis includes which of the following?
36. Often referred to as the Central Dogma, identify the traditional sequence of protein synthesis.
37. In humans, the allele for dimples (D) is dominant. The allele for not having dimples (d) is recessive. If a woman (DD) and a man (Dd) have four children, how many of the children will not have dimples?
38. Which of the following variations could be subject to natural selection?
39. What do plants and animals have in common?
40. Which of the following is not a characteristic of fungi?
41. Microevolution is defined as:
42. A zorse is the offspring produced through interbreeding between a horse and a zebra. Zorses are often preferred for riding because of their physical shape, but they are sterile. According to Linnaean taxonomy, are zebras and horses classified in the same species?
43. Red rose color is incompletely dominant over white rose color. If a red rose is crossed with a pink rose, what percentage of the offspring will be pink?
44. Honey bees engage in entomophily, pollination through pollen distribution, as part of the process to produce honey. What is entomophily an example of?
45. Themajority of climate scientists suggest that the current change in climate is caused predominantly by ________.
46. Which of the following is not an expected effect of global climate change?
47. If a wolf eats a rodent which ate a small insect which ate a plant, the wolf would be a(n)
48. The organisms that represent the different species within an ecosystem that interact in various ways, comprise a _______________
49. Inheritable mutations, which may allow a population to evolve, are produced
50. The ability of fireflies and angler fish to produce light is an example of convergent evolution. What can you conclude about these two animals based on this information?
II. Matching of definitions and terms. Please place the correct number in front of each definition. (1 point each = 10 points):
____ DNA with attached proteins
____ A haploid cell that combines with another haploid cell during fertilization
____ Converts light energy to chemical energy stored in the chemical bonds of glucose or
starch
____ A specific portion of a chromosome that contains information for a particular inherited
trait
____ An interaction during meiosis in which chromatids exchange segments; it results in genetic
recombination
____ Nucleotide that drives most energy-requiring metabolic reaction
____ Extracts energy stored in carbohydrates; synthesizes ATP; produces water and carbon
dioxide
____ The process in which ribosomes synthesize proteins using the mRNA transcript
____ The synthesis of mRNA from a DNA template
____ Are primary cellular structures (or components) where proteins are assembled
1. ATP
2. chromosome
3. crossing over
4. chloroplast
5. gamete
6. DNA molecules
7. gene
8. germ cell
9. meiosis
10. central vacuoles
11. lysosomes
12. mitochondrion
13. mitosis
14. translation
15. transcription
16. ribosomes
17. microtubules
18. Golgi bodies
19. RNA molecules
20. nucleoli
III. True-False questions. (1 point each = 5 points):
1. Diffusion will occur, if a concentration gradient exists.
2. When a founder population has a small gene pool, evolutionary change is more likely to be rapid than if the founder population has a large gene pool.
3. Stabilizing selection is a pattern of natural selection that favors an average, not extreme, expression of a trait.
4. Once an adaptive feature appears, it remains in all the descendant unless the species becomes extinct.
5. Humans are more likely to be infected by viruses after the viruses had a chance to multiply outside the body on surfaces touched by infected people.
IV. Matching of Terms/Concepts with Definitions/Associations. Place the correct number on the line behind each term. (1/2 point each=5 points)
Term or Concept
Water molecule ___
Carbon ___
Homeostasis ___
Ionic Bonding ___
Covalent Bonding ___
Carbohydrate ___
Enzyme ___
Acid ___
Base ___
Lipid ___
Definition/Association
1. energy source
2. two atoms sharing electrons
3. electron donated/received
4. hydrophobic
5. element found in all living organisms
6. catalyst
7. OH– > H+
8. polar
9. characteristic of all living organisms
10. H+ > OH–
V. Brief essay questions: Please write a concise and succinct response to each one of the following questions; be sure to mark your answers with the correct essay number. I am looking for clarity and detail which reflects your knowledge of the subject. Always include appropriate examples, if warranted. (Total possible points=30)
1. The habitat of one species of tropical fish is red coral reefs. The large majority of the fish in this populations are red. A few individual fish carry a mutation that prevents the production of the red pigment; as a result, these fish are white. The temperature of the ocean where these fish live becomes warmer and warmer over a ten year period, and, as a result, the coral is bleached and turns white. Use what you have learned about natural selection to explain how this bleaching event may have affected the evolution of this fish population (not including possible direct effects of warmer temperatures for the fish). Include the following terms in your explanation: Differential reproduction, beneficial trait, allele frequency, selection pressure, evolution (5 possible points)
2. You scoop up a water sample from a local pond nearby, because you are curious about the possible microbes that might live there. After looking at several slides that held drops of the sample, you noticed two different kinds of cells: One kind was very small and had no separate internal structures; the other kind was much larger, and it contained several kinds of internal structures that were physically different from each other. Please name each cell and briefly describe their overall similarities and differences. (5 possible points)
3. Humans share 99% of their genes with chimpanzees, 90% with mice, 50% with fruit flies, and 37% with celery. Please explain the evolutionary significance of these data. Phylogenetic details here are essential. (5 possible points)
4. A population of pygmy-deer becomes re-established on an island after having been absent for a very long time. They are given ‘protective status’, and flourish in numbers. Then an unusually long and harsh winter happens. The deer are seen eating bark, raiding bird feeders, and some die. Describe both the density-dependent and density independent factors at work here, and explain what might be happening to this population. Terms such as carrying capacity, and birth and death rates must be part of your discussion. (5 possible points)
5. When a rabbit eats the lettuce in your garden, all of the energy in the lettuce is used by the rabbit. Is this statement true or false? Defend your answer. Your answer must be detailed about energy conversions and trophic levels. (5 possible points)
6. Before recombinant products were available, humans who needed hormones or other biological products, such as insulin, had to use products that were harvested from other humans and non-human animals. Can you think of specific health risks that might be associated with products that were not made with genetically engineered bacteria? (5 possible points)
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