The Industrial Revolution

•  What was it?

•  How did it affect design?

•  Who were some of the early designers who used industry to better their products?

•  Why was steam technology important?

The Great Exhibition of 1851

•  What was the purpose of this exhibition?

•  Who were some of the organizers?

•  What was the building like? Why was itimportant?

•  How did the idea of “Empire” manifest itself at the exhibition?

•  What was displayed there? Did everyone approve ofit?

American Design

•  What are some of the styles that inspired American designers in the 19th century? Would you say that this was a homogenous style or one that relied on many influences?

•  Be prepared to name some of the different design movements (Renaissance Revival, etc.).

Design Reform

•  How did some designers react to the exhibits at the Crystal Palace?

•  What were some of the ways that design reformers demonstrated their opposition to the machine produced goods on display?

•  Why did Ruskin and Pugin advocate the Gothic as a period to emulate?

•  How did William Morris put some of Ruskin’s ideas into practice in his own work?

Art Nouveau

•  What were some of the design inspirations for Art Nouveau?

•  Why was the poster so important at this time? What were some of the innovations in printing?

•  Consider the role of women and plant imagery in Art Nouveau design

Mackintosh

•  What were some of the influences and projects of Margaret Macdonald and Charles Mackintosh?

The Bauhaus

•  What was the philosophy of the BH?

•  What was the difference between the school in Weimar and the school in Dessau?

•  Were these differences always clear in the designs?

•  Who were some of the notable designers from the school?

•  What was the Frankfurt kitchen and why is it important?

Art Deco

•  What was the big exhibition of Art Deco and why is it important? (Art Deco continued…)

•  How does the idea of the exotic influence art deco design?

•  Was this an exclusive style?

Keywords/People/Ideas

•  Queen Victoria

•  Industrialization

•  The Great Exhibition of 1851

•  Joseph Paxton

•  Henry Cole

•  “False Principles”

•  The Indian Court

•  The Medieval Court

•  The Basic American periods— neoclassical, gothic revival, rococo revival

•  Charles Rennie Mackintosh

•  Margaret MacDonald

•  Art Nouveau—the new art

•  Metamorphosis

•  Walter Gropius

•  Art and industry a new unity!

•  Art and technology a new unity!

•  Bauhaus Weimar

•  Bauhaus Dessau

•  Economy of form/economy of materials

•  Design Reformers:

•  AWN Pugin

•  John Ruskin—The Nature of the Gothic

•  William Morris

•  Arts and Crafts