CINAHL complete was the most effective database to search. As I was able to start with an advanced search specifying terms: “Male”* AND “High Intensity Interval Training” AND Non-High Intensity Interval Training*. 41 results were available. I was then able to limit it further by changing the published date: 2010-2018. 32 results. Limiting the source type to academic journals gave 14 results. Then lastly refining the subject’s major heading to relate to cardiovascular system physiology and risk factors and physical fitness limited the search to 1 specific journal related to our clinical question.

• According to the given case study, an adult male leads a sedentary life but is currently focused on improving his cardiovascular fitness
• His friends and he were having a discussion about High Intensity Interval training (HIIT) and how it helps with the concerning issue.
• This sparked interest in Koa to try out the new technique, but he wasn’t completely aware of the topic
• He wanted to gather as much information as possible before trying this new technique
• Koa wanted to conduct peer reviewed journals to find out more about HIIT.
• He formulated a PICO question
• Koa chose CINAHL as his choice of database

Choice of Keywords

P (problem/population) – Adult male 

I (intervention) – High Intensity Interval Training

C (comparison) – No High Intensity Interval training 

O (outcome) – improved cardiovascular Fitness

From this the PICO question is-

“ Does high intensity interval training improve the cardiovascular fitness in adult male?”

Choice of Database

• CINAHL is the client database of the EBSCO information services, which is the third largest information based company in Alabama, United States.
• CINAHL is the best available definitive search tools for nursing and other health related professional use.
• If a user has an access to CINAHL Complete, full text peer reviewed research journals can be obtained.
• Along with research journals, evidence based care sheets, lecture notes and study materials can be found.
• CINAHL Complete gives users access to fifty different kinds of nursing specialties with related to language and speech impediments, nutritive requirements, health as well as general medicine.
• CINAHL gained recognition from the American Nurses Credentialing Center’s Accreditation Program as well as International Association for Continuing Education and Training (IACET).
• CINAHL is very much compatible with the EBSCO point-of-care database searching.
• The asterisk (*) is used in many databases for truncationwhich is generally the root term one needs to search. Wildcards –  can usually be used at the end of a word or within a word. The pound symbol (#) is used in many databases as a wildcard.

With respect to the topic the choice of keywords were framed keeping the PICO questions in mind-

Search1- Male

Search2- High Intensity Interval Training

Search3- Non-high intensity interval training.

The search type for this assignment was kept “all terms”, an alternative is “Boolean/Phrase”, which combines the keywords with “AND”, “OR” and “NOT” making it more specific and restricting unrelated topics.

The results showed 41 peer reviewed journals, most of which were full text. The database allows the user to set a timeline from the publication for which the selected timeline was 2010-2018. This result further enhanced and concise the search to 32 peer reviewed journals. The choice for the search was further limited to only academic journals which was then further limited to 14 journals. Further, by limiting the Subject matter to Koa’s issue of cardiovascular system Physiology, 1 journal was selected completely specific to the topic- “Moderate and heavy metabolic stress interval training improve arterial stiffness and heart rate dynamics in humans” (Rakobowchuk et al., 2013)

This was the nest match because it contain major heading as “cardiovascular diseases”, the selected age group is appropriate – 19-44 male,  and is related to the topic to be described addressing the PICO question.

Alternative Search Option

By putting in the search Male* High intensity interval training* cardiovascular physiology, 36 options of database showed up. The date of issue was set from 2010 onwards which limited the search to 33 journals and further limiting the search to academic journals only, 18 results showed up which can be studied. The search was further limited with selecting “physical exercise” as a major heading, which then gave 4 options out of which the first two  options seemed extremely relevant to the search-

“Is Moderate Intensity Exercise Training Combined with High Intensity Interval Training MoreEffectiveatImprovingCardiorespiratoryFitnessthanModerate Intensity Exercise Training Alone?” (Roxburgh et al., 2014)

And

“A Review of Adolescent High-Intensity Interval Training” (Logan et al., 2014)

Both these papers address the PICO question.

Any question?

• Do you the PICO question was properly framed?
• Do you think CINAHL  is a helpful database?
• Is it user friendly?
• Does it specify the search option according to the issue?
• Can non-professionals benefit from the database?

References:

Logan, G. R., Harris, N., Duncan, S., & Schofield, G. (2014). A review of adolescent high-intensity interval training. Sports Medicine, 44(8), 1071-1085.

Rakobowchuk, M., Harris, E., Taylor, A., Cubbon, R. M., & Birch, K. M. (2013). Moderate and heavy metabolic stress interval training improve arterial stiffness and heart rate dynamics in humans. European journal of applied physiology, 113(4), 839-849.

Roxburgh, B. H., Nolan, P. B., Weatherwax, R. M., & Dalleck, L. C. (2014). Is moderate intensity exercise training combined with high intensity interval training more effective at improving cardiorespiratory fitness than moderate intensity exercise training alone?. Journal of sports science & medicine, 13(3), 702.