ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY.

Alawsi, F., Nour, R. and Prabhu, S., 2015. Are e-cigarettes a gateway to smoking or a pathway to quitting?. British dental journal, 219(3), p.111.

Alawsi, F., Nour, R. and Prabhu, S. are the authors of the article titled “Are e- cigarettes a gateway to smoking or a pathway to quitting?” The article focuses on the impacts of e-cigarettes on smoking. In the article, the authors discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using e-cigarettes. The authors indicate that the researchers came up with their report by analyzing secondary data. The researchers conducted the study in the PubMed database, where they examined more than eighty relevant articles. The article concludes by informing the audience about the effects of e- cigarettes. The authors connote that it helps in helping people to cease from smoking. However, there is need consider the age limits which should use e-cigarettes, since it may have harmful effects on children. 

Hartmann-Boyce, J., 2016. Why can’t scientists agree on e-cigarettes? BSTLast (Online), 360.

Hartmann-Boyce, J is the author of the article titled “Why can’t scientists agree on e- cigarettes?” The purpose of the text is to explain to the audience the reason why scientists do not agree on the use of e-cigarettes. In the article, the author gives his views on why he believes scientists do not agree with e-cigarettes. The author shows that the reason why scientists disagree with e-cigarettes is that they are not safe. The author supports its argument by giving an example in the case of cigarettes. He shows that cigarettes are deadly, and given that e-cigarettes are new in the market none is aware of its long-term health effect. Thus it would not be appropriate to consider it as safe. The article concludes that there is a need to carry out studies on the impact of e- cigarettes on smoking, to come up with a valid answer regarding safety. 

McNeill, A. and Hajek, P., 2015. Underpinning evidence for the estimate that e-cigarette use is around 95% safer than smoking: authors’ note. London: Public Health England.

McNeill, A. and Hajek, P. are the authors of the article titled “Protecting and improving the health of the nation.” The purpose of the article is to inform the audience about the safety of using e-cigarettes. According to the authors, using e- cigarettes is 95 percent safer than smoking. The authors show that the researchers came up with the results by analyzing secondary data. The researchers reviewed various relevant articles regarding concerns on the dangers of using e-cigarettes. The authors supported their argument by giving an example of how the e-cigarettes may pose risks on human health such as its constituents and flavorings. The article concludes that individuals who use e-cigarettes from smoking are likely to reduce health effects. 

Polosa, R., 2015. E-cigarettes: Public Health England’s evidence-based confusion?

Polosa, R. is the author of the article titled “Public Health England’s evidence-based confusion.” The purpose of the article is to present to the audience on the impact of e- cigarettes on public health, based on the research conducted in England. The editorial shows that e-cigarettes are 95 percent safer as compared to tobacco. The text indicates that the researchers analyzed data from secondary sources. For instance, the article indicates that the BBC had reported the e-cigarettes are 95 percent safer as compared to smoking. The article concludes that tobacco is one of the significant causes of death and it is preventable. It suggests that e-cigarettes will help in curbing the use of tobacco.