Dementia Annotated Bibliography

Carder, P. C. (2017). State Regulatory Approaches for Dementia Care in Residential Care and Assisted Living. The Gerontologist, 57(4), 776-786. 

Carder is a medical doctor who has a medical degree from University of Missouri in Columbia and currently practicing as a medical officer in institute on aging in Oregon Health & Science –Portland University. According to Carder (2017), the government has a significant role in supporting individuals with dementia in society. Through residential care and assisted Living (RC/AL), different states are supporting the society to handle the problem. The author uses District of Columbia as the reference point and provides how the government improves their quality of life. Through the article, it becomes apparent on the steps government needs to offer in an effort t handle dementia in its population. The government intervenes through the process of admission assessment, administrator training, consumer disclosure, enhancing physical environment and staffing. The dimensions identified by the authors form an essential basis for states that want to improve the experience and care of dementia patients. The author points on the states in Columbia that have implemented the program entirely and those that have a partial implementation. Through the study, it is evident that dementia support is adequate in states that have fully embraced the program. Indeed, the article is relevant for states that want to enhance the care of dementia people. Further, through the paper, it is possible to identify the quality processes that states need to work on to improve the life of dementia patients.  

Dening, K. H., Jones, L., & Sampson, E. L. (2011). Advance Care Planning for People with Dementia: A Review. International Psychogeriatrics, 23(10), 1535-1551. 

Denning is the director in Admiral Nursing located in London and work together with Jones and Sampson in the nursing hospital. The three medical practitioners handle and give care to aging patients in the facility. The authors identify that most people who have dementia have significantly low efforts in embracing planning on their care. The individuals fail to engage care providers about their wishes and plans on how to support their health. The authors further identify the inhibiting factors that limit such patients to take an active role in the plans. In order to gather relevant data, the authors rely on different sources, especially from peer-reviewed journals. Some of the literature to support their research originates from PubMed, BNI, EMBASE, and AMED. The sources give empirical characteristics of patients and their response to dementia. Through sampling the population, the sources can identify what limits such people to plan. Additionally, the sources help gather information about the role of health professionals and relatives in supporting dementia patients. The authors report that cognitive thinking is significantly affected and thus people with dementia have relatively lower ability to decide future care. However, through the influence of caregiver and family members, the patients get support to choose what is best for their health. The paper is relevant in supporting the understanding of challenges facing dementia advanced care and possible solutions. 

Dickinson, C., Bamford, C., Exley, C., Emmett, C., Hughes, J., & Robinson, L. (2013). Planning for Tomorrow Whilst Living for Today: The Views of People with Dementia and Their Families on Advance Care Planning. International Psychogeriatrics, 25(12), 2011-2021. 

Dickinson, Bamford, Exley, Emmett, Hughes and Robinson are practicing medical practitioners and lecturers in Institute of Health and Society in New Castle University. Dickinson, et al., (2013) argue that people are increasingly playing a significant role in planning for their future health when they are still healthy. There is considerable uptake of advance care planning in different parts of the world to support dementia patients. The authors base their argument on interviews they conduct using people with moderate dementia and their caregivers. The resultant is a generation of reliable information of different efforts people take to intervene on adverse effects of dementia in the future. Through the research, the authors understand that people plan in different ways for financial, personal and legal support before dementia sets in. A significant number of people realizes that proper financial management is vital in supporting their welfare when they have dementia and their cognitive ability is affected. The paper is relevant because it provides specific approaches people embrace to handle dementia in future and their benefits to families and victims. The article further offers some challenges that limit some people from planning for advanced care and their possible solutions.  Therefore, the paper is essential in enhancing an understanding of how to handle dementia in the future and enable patients to live a normal life.  

Karon, S. L., Wiener, J. M., Greene, A. M., Khatutsky, G., & Johnson, R. (2015). What Factors Affect Residential Care Facility Charges? Washington, DC: ASPE. Retrieved January 21, 2019, from: https://aspe.hhs.gov/system/files/pdf/138356/RCFcharge.pdf

Karon, Wiener, Greene, Khatutsky and Johnson are medical scholars who work for United States government in developing policies on Long-term care of the aging. The scholars work under Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation in the country.  The rising number of residential care facilities in the United States shows the increasing need for taking care of dementia patients. Karon, et.al, (2015) recognize that though there are different caregiver’s facilities, people prefer residential care facilities. The personalized care that is existent in these facilities makes them reliable to the population. However, the charges in these institutions are high due to different factors. The authors explore factors that influence higher pay for the patients in these facilities. Additional charges made on patients rely on factors such as their medical condition where those requiring regular therapy pay more. Further, the facilities charge high on patients who require assisted daily living activities. Indeed, the aging dementia population needs services such as bathing, and this increases the cost of their care. Further, the caregivers base their charges on some meals the patients receive daily. The base rate is similar for all the patients, but due to additional costs, the bill for some individuals goes up. The article provides relevant information on what influences variation in cost for care for different dementia patients. Indeed, it provides a platform where the government can intervene to subsidize some of the identified additional cost on different services offered. 

Kaskie, B. P., Nattinger, M., & Potter, A. (2015). Policies to Protect Persons with Dementia in Assisted Living: Déjà Vu All Over Again? The Gerontologist, 55(2), 199-209. 

Kaskie, Nattinger and Potter work as policy makers in The University of Lowa Department of health management & policy. There are a growing number of people living with dementia in society, and a significant number are under the assisted living program. However, despite the support the individuals get from institutions through government support, they face different challenges. Kaskie et al., (2015) indemnify safety as a significant concern for this population in assisted living programs. The article presents different aspects of the unsecured and unsafe environment that dementia people face. The concerns come from issues of staffing, and chemical restrains and environmental features. The authors argue that poor staffing makes it challenging to care facilities to offer personalized attention to dementia patients. Further, uncontrolled administration of chemicals to restrain the behavior of dementia people poses them to the drug overdose. The article challenges the government to carry feasibility tests on unsafe issues in assisted living programs and make necessary corrections. The article further pushes the government to set minimum regulatory stands to control the handling of dementia patients. The impact is an improvement in safety for the patients and ensures that they enjoy their life normally. The article is significant in identifying the role of government in enhancing the experience of dementia people under its assisted programs. 

Tilly, J., & Reed, P. (2006). Dementia Care Practice Recommendations for Assisted Living Residences and Nursing Homes. Washington DC: Alzheimer’s Association. Alzheimer’s Association. Retrieved January 21, 2019, from: https://www.alz.org/national/documents/brochure_DCPRphases1n2.pdf

Tilly and Reed are the director of care advocacy and senior director of programs in the Alzheimer association respectively. The role of Alzheimer Association in responding to the needs of dementia patients has been significant over the years. Tilly & Reed (2006) identify that the association campaign for quality care for the dementia people started in early 2005. The article presents some of the recommendations made by the association to enhance safety and quality of care given to dementia patients. The authors identify need to offer education and training programs to caregivers to ensure they offer reliable assistance to the dementia population. It is the role of the government to ensure that such training takes place regularly to equip caregivers with the knowledge necessary to enhance the lives of their patients. Further, there is a need for an empowering society through online guidelines on how to handle dementia relatives. The article also identifies the role of proper feeding and diet on the response and survival of dementia patients. The authors also present pain management to ensure caregiver can help reduce any form of pain on their patient. Additionally, the article provides guidelines on the need to offer hope to dementia people to reduce stressing moments. The article is relevant in equipping both caregivers and families on ways to enhance the health of their dementia patients. 

References

Carder, P. C. (2017). State Regulatory Approaches for Dementia Care in Residential Care and Assisted Living. The Gerontologist, 57(4), 776-786. 

Dening, K. H., Jones, L., & Sampson, E. L. (2011). Advance Care Planning for People with Dementia: A Review. International Psychogeriatrics, 23(10), 1535-1551. 

Dickinson, C., Bamford, C., Exley, C., Emmett, C., Hughes, J., & Robinson, L. (2013). Planning For Tomorrow Whilst Living For Today: The Views Of People With Dementia And Their Families On Advance Care Planning. International Psychogeriatrics, 25(12), 2011-2021.

Karon, S. L., Wiener, J. M., Greene, A. M., Khatutsky, G., & Johnson, R. (2015). What Factors Affect Residential Care Facility Charges? Washington, DC: ASPE. Retrieved January 21, 2019, from: https://aspe.hhs.gov/system/files/pdf/138356/RCFcharge.pdf

Kaskie, B. P., Nattinger, M., & Potter, A. (2015). Policies to Protect Persons with Dementia in Assisted Living: Déjà Vu All Over Again? The Gerontologist, 55(2), 199-209. 

Tilly, J., & Reed, P. (2006). Dementia Care Practice Recommendations for Assisted Living Residences and Nursing Homes. Washington DC: Alzheimer’s Association. Alzheimer’s Association. Retrieved January 21, 2019, from: https://www.alz.org/national/documents/brochure_DCPRphases1n2.pdf