Advanced Biomechanics Worlds Toughest Mudder Athlete Discussion

Advanced Biomechanics

APA Formatting and double spaced.

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Graduate level writing

9-15 pages in length.

The title page and reference pages are not included in this number.

2-3 peer reviewed journal references and 1-3 outside sources. (must be reputable sources for your sport).

The Athlete is Trevor, his sport is worlds toughest mudder, the skills are climbing and sprinting, he is a world champion and trying to get even better

A synthesis of all activities complete throughout the class. The following components are required to be submitted in a Word Document and follow APA guidelines. A paragraph consists of 3-7 sentences that are focused and detailed on the topic being discussed.

I. Assignment Cover Page – No abstract necessary.

II. Introduction – should consist of 3-5 paragraphs and provide a summary of where this project will be taking the reader.

III. Outline of Skills and Phases – this section is a corrected, based on instructor feedback from WK 4 Assignment 3, and more detailed cut and pasted version of your WK 4 Assignment 3. It should be in outline form. No more than 2 pages.

IV. Athlete Description – using your WK 2 Assignment 1 requirements and any additional information provide a detailed account of your athlete. This section should be 3-7 paragraphs and also explain the history of your athlete’s sport, the history of the skills – when they came into play as fundamental skills during your sport’s history, and the performance level your athlete has previously been and is currently competing. (An example would be Tiger Woods. He still maintains his elite skill set but is not completing at the same high level as he did in the past.)

V. Proper biomechanical skill mechanics – Provide a detailed description of the correct biomechanical mechanics necessary to perform your Athlete’s skills. These descriptions should come researching how to perform the skill properly using industry standards and biomechanical analysis that has been previously done on your 2 chosen skills. Peer reviewed journal research should be conducted on how to perform the skills and will be your primary sources for this section of the project. You will have presented these sources in your WK 5 Assignment 4 Annotated Bibliography. Also, be sure to use the terms and concepts developed in WK 3 Assignment 2 as well as the discussion results from weekly forums.

VI.Define and describe your Data Gathering Methods – For this final project you are required to gather data, via video, photos, etc, of your athlete performing your 2 chosen skills. You will present this information in this section in the form of Video links, photo inserts, etc. Be sure to label all data clearly as you will be referring to them in your biomechanical analysis of your athlete.

VII. Biomechanical Analysis – In this section you will use your data and a developed biomechanical analysis system (usually in chart form) to provide a detailed analysis of your athlete as they progress through the phases of the 2 skills you have chosen. For each phase described in Section III of your Final Project. Use the following recommended resource for assistance: Bartlett, Roger – Sports biomechanics: Reducing injury and improving performance, 1999. Chapter 5, pp. 147-177 & Chapter 8, pp. 244-265. It can be found in the APUS Library. An example of an Analysis Sheet of the Long Jump is there to assist you in your Analysis process, chapter 5 page, 253. You are not required to use analysis software or any specific apps. You will use the tools that are normally at your disposal as a coach and trainer. Usually this involves your eyes, video, or photos. But I would encourage you to explore additional options for analysis, see resource list at end of assignment instructions.

VIII. Feedback to Improve Performance – using your gathered analysis and Li’s (2012) 3 concepts provide feedback on the skills you analyzed to improve your athlete’s performance. Address how these suggestions for improved performance will assist them in competition. Address how these suggestions will prevent or lessen the likelihood of injuries. Provide examples of elite athletes performing each skill or phases of the skills correctly. These can be in video and photo format but must include a description and/or comparison of your athlete and the example athlete.

IX. Conclusion – should consist of 3-5 paragraphs and provide a summary of where this project has taken the reader.

Running head: Athlete Selection
1
WK 2 Assignment 1 – Athlete Selection
Advanced Biomechanics
Athlete Selection
2
Athlete Selection
I am choosing an athlete by the name of Trevor, I met Trevor in 2010 prior to him
competing, we are work acquaintance and friends. I have watch his career from the
beginning to now. He is a freak of nature, he went from being a once in a while runner to
world class ultra-runner, running more than 100 + miles straight nonstop, in less than 5
years of training on his own, it makes him someone to take interest in when it comes to
fitness, therefor worth studying and since he is my friend also, someone I want to help if I
can.
1. Name of Athlete
Trevor Cichosz
2. Gender
Male
3. Age
29
4. Home/Competition Country
Washington / USA
5. Sport
World’s Toughest Mudder
Ultra-Running
6. Level of competition
Elite / Professional
7. Position(s)
Athlete Selection
Runner
8. Dynamic skills involved in the fundamental aspects of their position(s)
Running, Sprinting, Jumping, Climbing
3
Athlete Selection
References:
Cichosz, T. (2010) Trevor Cichosz Facebook. Retrieved from web
https://www.facebook.com/trevor.cichosz/about?lst=651102757%3A643379179%3A157
6452495
Cichosz, T. (2010) Ground Pounder Facebook. Retrieved from web
https://www.facebook.com/pg/groundpounderpnw/about/?ref=page_internal
Cichosz, T. (2015) Ground Pounder. Retrieved from web
http://www.groundpounder.org/?fbclid=IwAR2z0Dl1JXfxzc9W7L5BfXJ8naY8V1CH6
m9TPeSbm1ldVCV0nhHyPmjRO_E
Tough Mudder. (2019) World’s Toughest Mudder. Retrieved from web
https://toughmudder.com/events/2020-worlds-toughest-mudder
4
Running head: ADVANCED BIOMECHANICS
WK 3 Assignment 2
Term Development
Advanced Biomechanics
1
ADVANCED BIOMECHANICS
2
Advanced Biomechanics Terms
Internal biomechanics in sports involves the analysis of internal body movement in
order to minimize the risk of injury and improve performance during sports. Internal
biomechanics tries to explain why and how the body moves in the manner it does while
considering the interaction between a person, equipment and environment . Internal
biomechanics is used in areas of kinematics and kinetics were muscular, skeletal and
neurological considerations are used (Watkins, 2014). Internal biomechanics can be applied
in the breakdown of body loading to determine the best and safest technique of performing a
certain sport. It can also be used in the evaluation of exercise equipment such as shoes.
Biological materials are biocompatible materials that are natural in nature that
comprise a living organism or part of it that performs a natural function. Biological materials
are biocompatible which is a crucial trait as it signifies that the material does not cause a
response in a person or host (Meyers, McKittrick, & Chen, 2013). Biological materials can be
human-derived such as antibodies, blood and plasma, proteins and enzymes. Natural
biological materials include bone and tissue. Biological material can also come from
laboratory support products such as cell culture. Biomaterials can be applied in artificial
limbs through bone grafting material to help in movement and even running.
The skeletal system is the part of the body that is composed of cartilage and bones
which perform different functions in the human body. These functions include facilitating
movement, supporting the body, protecting the internal organs, producing the blood cells,
storing and releasing minerals and fats (Meyers et al., 2013). The skeletal system facilitates
movement in running, climbing and jumping by serving as an attachment point for muscles.
This is also facilitated by support from the muscles to transmit the necessary force for
ADVANCED BIOMECHANICS
3
movement. Muscles span the skeletal system to contract to allow the ease movement when
running, jumping and climbing.
The muscular system is a system in an individual or living organism consisting of
smooth, skeletal and cardiac muscles. The muscular system performs different functions in
the human body ranging from maintaining posture, permitting movement of the body and
circulation of blood through the entire body (Schiaffino, Rossi, Smerdu, Leinwand, &
Reggiani, 2015). In the human body, the nervous system controls the muscular system.
However, some muscles, such as the cardiac muscle, are entirely autonomous. The muscular
system consists of skeletal muscles, cardiac and smooth muscles. Skeletal muscles work with
the skeletal system to enable movement in the human body. Without skeletal muscles, there
cannot be moved in the human body as the muscles coordinate contraction by shortening
sarcomere (Pedersen & Febbraio, 2012). The muscle system plays an essential role in the
production and conversion of energy. Various processes that regenerate the required energy
within the body occur within the muscle system with the most common process being
gluconeogenesis.
The nervous system is a compound compilation of nerves having specialized cells
called neurons which transmit signals between different part of the body. The nervous system
consists of two components; central nervous and peripheral nervous system. The central
nervous system consists of the brain, nerves and spinal cord while the peripheral nervous
system is made up of ganglia, sensory neurons and nerves connecting each other to the
central nervous system (Taussig, 2012). The central nervous system is largely used for
movement as the muscular and skeletal system relies on the system for transmission of
signals in the limbs for running and jumping. The nervous system tends to connect the entire
human body and as a result, acts in a coordinated manner in case of flight or fight which is
essential in the overall survival of human beings.
ADVANCED BIOMECHANICS
4
External biomechanics involves the external part of biomechanics, which studies
forces on fluids, tissues and material. External loads are normally produced in the physical
work environment and these loads are transmitted through the biomechanics system of the
body and limb to create some form of internal load on the anatomical and tissue structures
(Watkins, 2014). External biomechanics is mediated by a number of factors including forces,
body position, exertions and motions.
Force is merely a pull or a push applied by one object to another. Force is considered
the most vital aspect of biomechanics due to its three variables. It has a point of application,
magnitude, and direction making it a vector quantity. There are also types of forces which
include motion forces, external forces, internal forces and reactionary forces. Motion forces
are made up of rotatory and curvilinear. External forces include gravity, objects, and wind.
Examples of internal forces are muscles and connective tissue (Farina, Scotté, Villa,
Baussart, & Di Stefano, 2018). Reactionary forces are made up of ground reaction and joint
reaction. Forces enable the movement in the skeletal, muscular and nervous system by
facilitating the movement of muscles, bones, joints and tendons when interacting with
external forces in running or climbing.
Linear kinematics involves the study of how an object or an individual can move in
a straight line in time while looking at patterns, shape, and sequencing of linear movement
through time. Linear kinematics also involves the shape, form, pattern and sequencing of
linear movements across tie with particular emphasis being placed on the resulting force that
causes the motion (Watkins, 2014). Careful analysis of kinematics is an essential and
valuable tool for physicians especially when investigating the effect of physical activity
among coaches and teachers. When people develop a particular new skill, there is an increase
in a progressive modification in kinematics which normally reflects the learning process.
This tends to be true for most young children whose movements tend to change with
ADVANCED BIOMECHANICS
5
neuromuscular and anthropometry that normally accompany growth. Similarly, when a
patient is undergoing the rehabilitation process from an injured joint, the clinician and
therapist ay look for a gradual return to the normal joint kinematics. Linear kinematics spans
both qualitative and quantitative forms with qualitative forms describing the major joint
movement including various aspects including knee extension, hip flexion and plantar
flexion.
Linear kinetics can be explained as the study of forces that act on a particular object
under a certain mechanism. Normally, the body is supposed to be maintained at rest with a
constant velocity unless it is acted upon by external forces that change the state of the body.
In essence, bodies tend to remain motionless unless there is a specific net force acting on it
(Watkins, 2014). Similarly, a body moving at a constant speed along a straight-line travel
with constant speed unless its path is acted by a force that alters the speed and direction of
motion.
Torques and movements of forces deal with the twisting force that causes rotation.
The point at which an object rotates is known as the axis of rotation. Individuals use torque in
daily activities such as turning the doorknob, turning the key and pushing a door to open
(McGinnis, 2013). These are all methods of applying torque. In the human body, torque and
movements of force help in the movement of body parts when moving. Torque enables the
right force from the leg to the hip when running to enable ease in movement. It also facilitates
the fast movement when running as there is no rotation caused by force in the center of the
spine.
Angular kinematics involves the rotational motion in the absence of forces. Angular
kinematics plays an important role in human movement as most human movement processes
involve rotation of one or more body sections around joints (McGinnis, 2013). In the process
ADVANCED BIOMECHANICS
6
of jumping, arms and legs rotate on an imaginary axis passing through the shoulder and hip
joints. This is facilitated by the use of angular kinematics.
Angular kinetics refers to the motion of the body across a fixed axis or point
(McGinnis, 2013). A similar approach is followed by a pendulum or planted and is
considered as the angle that is passed over the point or axis commonly drawn by the body.
Fluid mechanics is a branch that is concerned with how fluids flow in and out of
biological organisms and the forces on them (McGinnis, 2013). The applications of fluid
mechanics vary from mechanical, civil, chemical to biomedical. Blood flow in the body
relies on the principles of fluid mechanics.
Work involves any action that uses physical or mental effort in achieving the desired
outcome. Normally, the body continuously engages in some form of continuous work activity
throughout its lifespan in a bid to meet its metabolic and energy needs. Power refers to the
energy produced by the human body. It can also refer to the work done by the human body at
a specific time and is commonly used to show the output of the body.
Energy refers to the capacity to engage in any form of meaningful or vigorous
activity. Energy is required for the complete working of cells within the body. Without
energy within the body are unable to maintain both anabolic and catabolic processes and as a
consequence, increase the chances of cell death. Energy in the body is measured in the form
of ATP produced and various pathways are involved in the energy production process.
Therefore, it is essential that all cells within the body meet the required energy levels for all
the desired body outcomes to be obtained.
ADVANCED BIOMECHANICS
7
References
Farina, P., Scotté, F., Villa, C., Baussart, B., & Di Stefano, A. L. (2018). Central nervous
system. In Side Effects of Medical Cancer Therapy: Prevention and Treatment: Second
Edition (pp. 213–247). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70253-7_7
McGinnis, P. M. (2013). Biomechanics of Sport and Exercise. Retrieved from
https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=awmprqGqFo4C&oi=fnd&pg=PP2&dq
=Biomechanics+of+Sport+and+Exercise,&ots=0xjVykg5Ob&sig=krlxRFWTlU9VVdtT
fyZJyibwedc
Meyers, M. A., McKittrick, J., & Chen, P. Y. (2013). Structural biological materials: Critical
mechanics-materials connections. Science, 339(6121), 773–779.
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1220854
Pedersen, B. K., & Febbraio, M. A. (2012). Muscles, exercise and obesity: Skeletal muscle as
a secretory organ. Nature Reviews Endocrinology, 8(8), 457–465.
https://doi.org/10.1038/nrendo.2012.49
Schiaffino, S., Rossi, A. C., Smerdu, V., Leinwand, L. A., & Reggiani, C. (2015).
Developmental myosins: Expression patterns and functional significance. Skeletal
Muscle. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13395-015-0046-6
Taussig, M. (2012). The nervous system. The Nervous System.
https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203397244
Watkins, J. (2014). Fundamental Biomechanics of Sport and Exercise. Fundamental
Biomechanics of Sport and Exercise. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203066461
Running head: OUTLINE OF PHASES OF DYNAMIC SKILLS
Outline of Phases of Dynamic Skills
Shane Czesak
American Military University
Welcome to SPHS507
Advanced Biomechanics
Professor Tiffany M Reiss, PhD
December 29, 2019
1
OUTLINE OF PHASES OF DYNAMIC SKILLS
Outline of Phases of Dynamic Skills
The phases of the sprinting skill used by athletes
Block start phase
1A.
Place the thigh of the back leg in a perpendicular position to the ground.
1B.
Maintain front shin in a parallel position to the ground.
2A.
Straighten arms and hold them slightly wider than the shoulders.
3A.
Relax the head and neck to align them with the rest of the spine.
4A.
Transit into the get-set position.
5A.
When in the set –position, hips should be raised slowly as the position of the shoulders
are maintained (Gómez, Marquina, & Gómez, 2013).
5B.
Position legs for forward movement by placing whole foot against the block.
5C.
Maintain the front legs at 90 degrees.
5D.
Maintain the back legs at120 degrees before shifting into the gun position.
5E.
Maintain direct eye contact with the ground.
6A.
In a gun position, extend rear leg at the hip, ankle, and knee fully.
6B.
Keep body angle at 45degrees while leaning forward (Smith, Lake, Sterzing, & Milani,
2016)
6C.
Maintain an intense forward knee drive.
6D.
Focus eyes at least 5meters ahead of the sprinting space.
2
OUTLINE OF PHASES OF DYNAMIC SKILLS
Driving Phase: It occurs in the first 10meters after the takeoff.
1B.
Achieve triple extension to increase acceleration.
2B
Arms stretched to its maximum level.
3B.
Use the back leg as the driving force to propel the front leg (Gómez, Marquina, &
Gómez, 2013).
4B.
Ensure that the movement of the front legs is used to reduce inertia.
5B.
Keep head down until full balance is attained.
Speed Maintenance Phase: The sprint stage where peak acceleration is achieved by the athlete
1C.
Straighten the torso in an upright position
2C.
Conserve force and power to maintain the high speed through the race
3C.
Place foot in front of the hips slightly to retain optimal impulse-momentum relationship
4C.
Move foot backwards when contacting the floor under the hips directly(Smith, Lake,
Sterzing, & Milani, 2016)
5C.
Apply force at the center of mass in backward motion to create a propulsive impulse
6C.
Maintain long strides during the motion between the foot and the ground
7C.
Move leg backwards from the front of the body to achieve optimal leg movement
Recovery Phase
1D.
Extend hips, rotate them forward
2D.
Rotate knee backwards
3
OUTLINE OF PHASES OF DYNAMIC SKILLS
3D.
Ensure that that center of mass for the leg is as close as possible to the hip axis of
rotation.
4D.
Ensure faster forward rotation of the whole leg
5D.
Maintain thighs in horizontal position
6D.
Extend knees as limb is descended on the track
7D.
Maintain an acute angle between the thighs and hips to achieve faster running velocities
8D.
Decrease angular momentum
9D.
Maintain even distribution of the center of mass that is closer to hip axis of rotation.
Deceleration Phase
1E
Leg stride rate is reduced
2E.
Increase stride length slightly
3E.
Increase the rate of ground contact and flight time
4E.
Ensure a high rate of the vertical descent of the center of gravity
5E.
Maintain a flatter foot strike
The phases of climbing skills that are used by athletes
Glutes Activation Phase: It is highly essential for maintaining body tension and aligning the
hips to maintain the kinetic force during movements on steeper terrain.
1A.
Hang on moderately steep wall for a few seconds as warm up.
2A.
Squeeze the glutes together
4
OUTLINE OF PHASES OF DYNAMIC SKILLS
3A.
Tuck the tailbones in a forward thrust positon
4A.
Push the hips forward to complete initial glute activation.
5A.
Relax the guts and allow the sagging of the hips (Cha, Lee, Heo, Shin, Son, & Kim,
5
2015).
6A.
Tuck the tailbone again under the hipline and push it to achieve alignment.
7A.
Relax abdomen but maintain the tension created during the glute activation.
Activate scapular retractors/depressors: It involves the use of the mid-back muscles to retract
and depress the shoulder blades.
1B.
Pull the shoulder blades together until they are in a kiss position.
2B.
Then, pull the scapula down to depress it and create a space between the ears and
shoulders that result in the right movements (Kozina, Ryepko, Prusik, Prusik, & Cieślicka,
2014).
3B.
Lift the chest to provide stability for the shoulders and their joints. Maintain muscular
balance during overhead and rotational movements.
4B.
Posture regulation Link the forces that are generated during the movement with the force.
Also, reduce the amount of transferred force to maintain posture easily Kozina, Ryepko, Prusik,
Prusik, & Cieślicka, 2014).
5B.
Endeavor to link normal and tangential forces.
6B.
Maintain great arm involvement. Reduce horizontal forces during the upwards
movements
OUTLINE OF PHASES OF DYNAMIC SKILLS
6
References
Cha, K., Lee, E. Y., Heo, M. H., Shin, K. C., Son, J., & Kim, D. (2015). Analysis of climbing
postures and movements in sport climbing for realistic 3D climbing animations. Procedia
Engineering, 112, 52-57.
Gómez, J. H., Marquina, V., & Gómez, R. W. (2013). On the performance of Usain Bolt in the
100 m sprint. European journal of physics, 34(5), 1227.
Kozina, Z., Ryepko, O. A., Prusik, K., Prusik, K., & Cieślicka, M. (2014). Theoreticalmethodological study of development of power-speed in climbing. Physical education of
students, 1.
Smith, G., Lake, M., Sterzing, T., & Milani, T. (2016). The influence of sprint spike bending
stiffness on sprinting performance and metatarsophalangeal joint function. Footwear
Science, 8(2), 109-118.
Running head: SPRINTING AND CLIMBING SKILLS ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 1
Sprinting and Climbing Skills Annotated Bibliography
WK 5 Assignment 3
SPRINTING AND CLIMBING SKILLS ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
2
Menaspà, P., Quod, M., Martin, D. T., Peiffer, J. J., & Abbiss, C. R. (2015). Physical demands
of sprinting in professional road cycling. International journal of sports
medicine, 36(13), 1058-1062.
The researchers sought to investigate the physical demands of sprinting in professional
road cycling, which is a crucial aspect in creating a strong emphasis on better elements
that present a more concrete understanding of specific factors that promote positive
level engagement. Therefore the study quantified the needs of road competitions ending
with sprints specifically in male professional cycling. The study employed an
observational study that was done in the field to maximize the ecological validity of the
results. The findings showed that power, cadence, and speed were significantly
difference across different phases of the race, increasing gradually across the sprints.
Therefore high-level power output is a crucial need in sprinting in men’s professional
road cycling, which also identifies the need for both aerobic and anaerobic fitness. The
findings from the study are based on the ability for an individual to have stronger
muscles as evidence Bartlett et al., who has been cited below investigating human
gluteal muscles and the changes based on different levels of movement.
Bartlett, J. L., Sumner, B., Ellis, R. G., & Kram, R. (2014). Activity and functions of the human
gluteal muscles in walking, running, sprinting, and climbing. American journal of
physical anthropology, 153(1), 124-131.
The researchers have identified that human gluteal muscles are essential in facilitating
locomotion and adapting to different situations based on training. Walking, sprinting,
running, and climbing are essential human development skills. They define a strong
emphasis on better changes that help in creating a more diverse and strict emphasis on
better strategies that improve individual level development. The study assessed the
SPRINTING AND CLIMBING SKILLS ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
3
gluteus maximus muscle electromyographic activity during walking, climbing,
running, and sprinting. It was hypothesized that the action would be greatest during
sprinting and climbing. The findings showed that the GMAX activity was higher when
running rather than walking. However, sprinting had a significantly higher activity of
the GMAX, highlighting the need for stronger GMAX muscles.
Stephenson, W. (2014, July 19). Why sprinters are muscly, and climbers are wiry. Retrieved
from https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-28363129.
The article presents a strong emphasis on the existing differences in sprinters and
climbers based on their muscle wellbeing. Defining a strong change process provides a
specific understanding of better consideration of the fact that most sprinters are muscly
while climbers are wiry. The article identifies that climbers in the past were shorter
compared to the current crop of climbers, although both have the same average body
mass index of approximately 20. The article highlight that different sprinters employ
different strategies to help attain their goals. Sprinters who utilize sudden bursts of
speed may be short or tall but have a slightly higher body mass index of approximately
23. The power that an athlete exerts on the pedal has a greater influence on the overall
wellbeing based on the different changes that help an individual in making strong
sprints. This outcome has been effectively identified from both Bartlett et al. and
Menaspà et al., who have provided a strong understanding of the need for an individual
athlete to develop strong muscles, especially GMAX muscles.
Howard, R. M., Conway, R., & Harrison, A. J. (2018). Muscle activity in sprinting: a
review. Sports Biomechanics, 17(1), 1-17.
SPRINTING AND CLIMBING SKILLS ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
4
The researchers have provided a strong focus on muscle activity among athletes in
sprinting. A strong level emphasis on these concepts is based on a unique understanding
of individual movements and the ability to help maintain a greater understanding of
better processes that help in creating a diverse environment for improved individual
performance levels. The researchers identified that the use of electromyography is
greatly identified as a vital tool in enhancing performance among drivers as well as
risks in sprinting. This means that the timing of muscle activations that is relative to
running gait cycle phases is a major source of interest with the aim of controlling
injuries. The article employed a systematic review of literature where it was determined
that there is a need to embrace leg muscles effectively. Controlling injuries in sprinters
is based on effectively applying enough strength to avoid strain on the muscle.
Strutzenberger, G., Dill, S., Barth, D., Potthast, W., & Irwin, G. (2014, October). Change Of
Sprinting Biomechanics in the Acceleration Phase While Restricting the Visual and
Hearing Sense. In ISBS-Conference Proceedings Archive.
The researchers have identified that sprinting and short acceleration are common phases
amongst athletes, which causes a varying level of tension on individual movements.
Therefore the study aimed at assessing whether running movement changes while
senses were restricted. The study employed to focus on rugby athletes as sample based
on common sprints and short acceleration. The findings showed that there was a change
in extension moment of hip based on each stride, although there was no significant
difference among the sample population. The results further identified that sensual
restrictions have a major influence on performance in a slowdown of movement.
Therefore achieving an effective development requires strict adherence to muscle
SPRINTING AND CLIMBING SKILLS ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
5
strength and overall understanding of better processes that help improve individual
performance.
Running Head: ANALYSIS PROCESS AND DATA GATHERING TOOLS
WK 6 Assignment 5
Data Gathering & Analysis Process gathering tools
Shane Czesak
American Military University
Welcome to SPHS507
Advanced Biomechanics
Professor Tiffany M Reiss, PhD
January 12, 2020
1
ANALYSIS PROCESS AND DATA GATHERING TOOLS
2
ANALYSIS PROCESS AND DATA GATHERING TOOLS
3
Analysis process and data gathering tools
Introduction
When it comes to performing an analysis of the performance of athletes, the coaches and
other stakeholders in the sports industry may need to understand the implications of each
application or tool selected in the long run. The selection of the ultimate tool or app may depend
on factors such as the ability to exhibit the correct data based on the previous recordings.
Besides, the ideal tool should allow sportspeople to understand the implications of making
specific changes to their overall level of performance (Weiler, 2016). Therefore, coaches must
ensure that they select the right tools and apps to guarantee better interactions with the associated
parties and sportspeople. This paper outlines some of the most common devices, apps and video
analysis programs that can help in the evaluation of the performance of sportsmen. These tools
will form a foundation for the visualization of the performance of Trevor`s performance aimed at
improving it in future events.
Tools selected
Diverse video tools can help in the analysis of the skills which a sports person exhibit.
The selection of the ultimate platform for analyzing the skills that the sports parties exhibit come
from the documentation of the past data. The collection of the recent data helps in the generation
of a high-level analysis of the performance and hence determine the weaknesses in skills that the
athlete may exhibit. This section will outline the most common video tools and apps that can
help in analyzing the capabilities and performance of Trevor. Some of the standard video tools to
select include Siliconcoach, and but not limited to Quintic Sports. The most famous mobile and
smartphone apps to use in the analysis processes include Dartfish mobile.
ANALYSIS PROCESS AND DATA GATHERING TOOLS
4
Video software
Siliconcoach
This tool came to existence to facilitate the analysis of athletes when training or
undertaking their events. Using the real-time feed from multiple cameras strategically positioned
in the separate areas, this tool captures a 3D form of the actions and interactions made by the
athletes with the surrounding. This tool makes it easy to perform a high-level analysis of some of
the attributes and potential weaknesses, which, in the end, aid in making recommendations for
improvement. The creation of the tool came from the idea that video analysis would provide a
platform for improved performance of athletes in the end through the identification of the
witnessed weaknesses. Below is a visual representation of the video analysis tool.
Figure 1. Siliconcoach in action (Vagueware.com, 2013).
Quintic Sports
The second most common tool, which many coaches use in the analysis of the skills and
performance of athletes from a video perspective, includes Quintic Sports. This tool helps in
ANALYSIS PROCESS AND DATA GATHERING TOOLS
capturing the actions performed by the athletes using strategically positioned cameras for future
analysis.
Figure 2. Quintic Sports (Martin, 2013).
Apps
Dartfish Mobile
Numerous mobile apps can help in performing skills analysis and performance measure
of the athletes. In this context, the most common tool, which can help in achieving such a highlevel summary, includes Dartfish. Dartfish Company created multiple tools that could help in
visually representing the captured and analyzed data for straightforward interpretation. This app
allows coaches to achieve real-time data and performance of the associated athletes that in the
5
ANALYSIS PROCESS AND DATA GATHERING TOOLS
6
end, may help to make sure vital recommendations to boost their performance. The figure below
shows a snippet of dartfish mobile app and the various screens that coaches and athletes may use.
Figure 3. Dartfish Mobile (Dartfish, n.d.).
This project seeks to explain the reason for the selection of the tools mentioned above.
However, before embarking on this discussion, it is essential first to understand the analysis
process for the selected athlete. The analysis process will revolve around two major phases.
Trevor is seen as an athlete who exhibits various skills — understanding the implications of the
skills and performance that the athlete exhibits currently may help to create a reliable approach
for improved insight into the improvements that may be required. The main reason for this
ANALYSIS PROCESS AND DATA GATHERING TOOLS
7
analysis revolves around the collection and documentation of data about the performance
recorded by Trevor during training sessions. This data will help to create a platform for
comparing the performance of Trevor through various training sessions aimed at outlining some
of the weaknesses that may undermine his abilities and skills. The analysis will take two forms.
The first part will involve the assessment of Trevor’s performance as far as sprinting is
concerned. The second process will include the collection of data concerning the changes and the
best approaches to achieve maximum climbing potential. Collectively, these approaches will use
both a video and a smartphone app to gain maximum value.
The selection of the analysis tools came from the understanding that technology can help
in the collection, documentation and presentation of the performance of the respective athletes
without attaching motion sensors. As mentioned above, this process will use both the video
analysis and smartphone apps as the ultimate tools for the analysis of Trevor`s skills deficit.
Dartfish offers a high-level set of interfaces which allow the users to collect, tabulate and
visualize data about the performable of athletes during training and when in action. The
lightweight nature of the app helps to perform fast analysis even when the athletes are in
response to facilitate improvements. On the other hand, Sioliconcoach and Quintin Sports help in
the collection and evaluation of the potential weaknesses and flaws that the associated athletes
exhibit when in action or during the training sessions. Through this analysis, coaches can
highlight areas where the athletes performed poorly, such as sprinting. For instance, using these
tools will help in measuring and assessing the current performance of Trevor when climbing and
running to look for the best angles among other attributes which may help to improve his
performance (Slawinski et al., 2017).
ANALYSIS PROCESS AND DATA GATHERING TOOLS
8
Ultimately, the primary desire for the use of these tools revolves around the creation of a
platform that promotes performance and improved skills for the athletes. For example, the
analysis sheet will comprise of two main areas and sections. The first section will revolve around
the documentation of sprinting data such as flight time, block clearance and contact time for the
first three steps. This data will help to create corrections that will promote the improved
performance of the athlete in the long run. For example, the use of the video analysis tools, it is
possible to capture this data and record it for further analysis. The tools help to give optimum
recommendations and a platform for simulating the potential outcomes. Therefore, if the athlete
reports a higher time for flight after the first step, the most appropriate advice would be to
maintain a balanced head as well as the torso.
The second section of the sheet will offer an insight into the best positions to gain
maximum power to climb. This sheet will help to create a platform for understanding the
changes that may occur when Trevor implements specific recommendations. This section will
primarily focus on the analysis of the body positioning and interactions between the various body
parts such as the head, torso, arms and pelvis to ensure maximum collaboration and hence
positive results. Using the tools will help Trevor to understand the weaknesses in sprinting and
climbing skills, thus adopting strategic approaches to improve his performance.
ANALYSIS PROCESS AND DATA GATHERING TOOLS
9
References
Dartfish. (n.d.). Two apps. Go mobile. Dartfish. Retrieved from
https://www.dartfish.com/Mobile?utm_source=Affiliation&utm_medium=referral&utm_
campaign=simplifaster
Martin, J. (2013). Quintic Software. At cycle. Retrieved from
https://atacycle.com/uncategorized/quintic-software/
Slawinski, J., Termoz, N., Rabita, G., Guilhem, G., Dorel, S., Morin, J. B., & Samozino, P.
(2017). How 100‐m event analyses improve our understanding of world‐class men’s and
women’s sprint performance. Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in
sports, 27(1), 45-54.
Vagueware.com. (2013). Top 10 Video Analysis Software That Could Possibly Make You
Smarter. Vague Ware. Retrieved from http://www.vagueware.com/top-10-video-analysissoftware-that-could-possibly-make-you-smarter/
Weiler, R. (2016). Übersense Coach app for sports medicine? Slow-motion video analysis
(Mobile App User Guide). Br J Sports Med, 50(4), 255-256.