Question 1 (2 points)

A group of medical researchers investigated the effects of a drug called Pressure Drop X on lowering blood pressure in a group of women between the ages of 60 and 80 years old. The researchers did the following experiment and obtained the indicated results: One group of 150 women took a tablet containing Pressure Drop X for 3 weeks – 95 of these women experienced decreased  blood pressure by at least 10%. Another group of 150 women were given a tablet with no added Pressure Drop X for 3 weeks – 10 of these women decreased their blood pressure by 10%. What are the controlled variables in this experiment?

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Question 18 (2 points)

What is a recessive trait?

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Question 41 (10 points)

The brown bracts of the plant Monotropsis odorata resemble leaf litter, which affords them protection from predators. Describe four characteristics of life you could identify to distinguish these plants from the dead leaves they mimic.

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