Business Ethics

Ethical practices are important aspects in any business organization. Ethics apprehend a person’s verdicts on synchronizing between right and wrong. A company’s culture influences the principled values the employees follow. Unethical behavior, however, refers to absence of business communal accountability that affects the image of a company negatively. It makes the corporate to be less appealing to investors making a reduction in the profits accrued. This paper focuses on the unethical behaviors in an organization and human nature and a historical perspective on business ethics.

Unethical Behaviors in an Organization

         It is important to understand unethical behaviors in organizations and human nature go hand in hand. In this section of the paper, there will be a clear explanation on the effect of running unethical organizations. Moreover, an identification of common forms of unethical behaviors is necessary with a clear comprehension that unscrupulous conducts are costly. At times, good individuals behave dishonorably. In addition, there are various stages involved in moral development.

          Some forms of unethical manners at work contain internet and/or communication abuse, syndicate resource exploitation, dishonesty to workforces and unapproachable and/ or unmannerly conduct towards personnel. Conflicts of interest, inappropriate hiring conduct, discrimination, breach of workers’ privacy, benefit violations, corruption and, falsifying information to shareholders, form some basic improper practices in organizations.

         Most of the times, managers suffer as victims when employing personnel in their organizations. Some individuals fill in false information about themselves in their curriculum vitae. This makes the leaders run a company on a weak foundation of lies and incompetent workers. Various personnel may take advantage of their position and extort money from the organization for example, auditors. Some forms of deviant conducts include, bad-mouthing, criticizing employees and assertions of underpayment by staffs.

        Costs concomitant with disreputable performances are many but the one that stands out most is the eventual loss of a business enterprise, either half of it or all of it. Turnover costs, abusive treatment cost, legal cost, theft, recruitment cost and, reputation cost are some of the other expenses a lucrative company can accrue. The most captivating part of this topic of discussion is that, unprincipled organizations stand to lose high-quality suppliers, employees, investors and, customers. Loss of goodwill with the government and investors can also occur. Human nature refers to honorable, psychosomatic and societal personalities of human beings.

        Faith forms the grounds of human nature through our conscience. This is the voice of reason, of God and of goodness inside us. Others believe that individuals bear inherited sin. This morally dented soul joins the body at birth that needs cleansing. John Locke (1632-1704) referred to “tabula rasa” as a censure where most individuals inscribe ideas, born in them, that make them morally neutral. Populaces keep moral values and awareness on this blank slate based on life proficiencies.

       In the stages of moral development, Lawrence Kohlberg enhanced the writings of Jean Piaget in the cognitive behavior of people. According to Heinz, the stages of development include six stages. The obedience-and punishment orientation, instrumental orientation, good boy-nice girl orientation, law-and-order orientation, social contract orientation and, universal ethical principles form the stages of growth. Some individuals behave unethically because they do not have a choice and they have competing values.

      In conclusion, human beings are different and they care for their basic needs. Everyone wants to feel good about themselves, have pleasure, do the right thing and reason well with others. Nobody is perfect and this the reason why some individuals engage in immoral behaviors in order to satisfy their immediate feelings and unlimited needs.

Economic Growth and Business Ethics in Pre-capitalist America                                              

           In the 1700s, Adam Smith intellectualized capitalism as a rejoinder to what individuals in the past deliberated to be unscrupulous professional practices. It was during the era of mercantilism. In this paperwork, the aim is to exploit the essential historical epochs resulting to the establishment of United States. Under this topic, the placement of emphasis is on the build up to the revolutionary war, the Plymouth settlement and Roanoke and Jamestown settlements.

          The competition of finding riches in America was amongst Spain against France, England and Netherlands. A charter approved by Queen Elizabeth the first to Walter Raleigh allowed him to inaugurate a settlement in Virginia that enabled his associates to look for minerals, loot Spanish mercantile ships and trade. The British government granted individuals charters that enabled them to construct organizations by making a pool of financial capitals, which motivated the undertaking of greater, and, chancier business ventures. Virginia Company of London acknowledged a contract from King James in the quest for gems and gold. The Jamestown settlement started with one hundred and fifty employees of the Virginia Company in 1607. The populace consisted of the criminals, “surplus inhabitants” of dispossessed occupants, and scroungers. In altercation of food, lodging, clothing, transportation and finally freedom, these individuals were required to attend to their rulers for seven eons. Most of the colonists perished in the military battles and/or starvation.

Plymouth Settlement

      The Plymouth Corporation initially began as an overtone of dealers in England after the approval of their contract to launch a substitution association in the American northeast coast.  Later, the Pilgrim settlement developed based on economic and religions grounds. The England Church consisted of puritans who believed that the papal required to purify itself from catholic rehearses and doctrines. Some puritans, who were owners of the Plymouth Company, offered Pilgrims some company shares and transport facilities to “New England”. The latest arrivals decided to create their own settlement and chose to disown the Pilgrim’s stringent spiritual routine.

Buildup to the Revolutionary War

      The eastern section of America consisted of more than two point three million European colonists doing business by the year of 1774. Most of them had restricted allegiance to England and developed a sense of American nationalism. There was clear exacerbation of tax and business policies and the British placed limitations on partisan doings, entrepreneurship, travelling and, trading. The issuance of paper money began under the Currency Act of 1764.

     The Boston Tea Party resulted from the exploitative commercial does of the East India Company. Most of the board members were from the British company. It is interesting to learn that business practices in the past made major contributions to the development of corporation ethics in the modern day.

      In conclusion, disreputable rehearses are not necessarily restricted to capitalism. It started back during the era of Christopher Columbus and later Adam Smith came up with ethical basis for capitalism. The implementation of Optimal Ethics Systems Model is necessary in the maximization of ethical behaviors.