Property can be divided into six types of properties. First and foremost, precious (mutaqawwim) and worthless property. The valuable property (mutaqawwim) is all things permitted and the property is owned and secured. Unnecessary features, on the contrary, include all things prohibited by shari’ah such as pigs and wines. Fish in the sea, birds in the sky and minerals in the earth are also classified as worthless treasures. When the shari’ah prohibits certain things, it is also prohibited to sell and purchase but may be permitted under certain circumstances. Then, immovable property (‘iqar) and movable property (manqul). Permanent immovable property such as land and buildings.
Moving property moves, on the other hand, an irregular property and can be moved from place to place whether they are in its original form or not. For example, money, animals, cars, books and so on. Movable features (manqul) can be converted into movable property and vice versa. For example, air pipes, electric lines, windows and others. After that, the same (mithali) and different (qimi) or homogeneous properties and non-homogeneous. Equal (homogeneous) or homogeneous property comprises things that have the same quantities of something similar to them in the market, such as money, rice, wheat, corn, barley, salt, oil, and so on.
Homogeneous properties are sold by الموزونات (weight) such as grams and kilograms, by المكيلات (measure) as liters, by المعدودات (number) such as dozens and by الذراعيات (measurement) as meters. Unequal or non-homogeneous property (qimi) is a property that cannot be found in the market. They include all possessions that cannot be sold by kilograms, meters, liters or fines. Examples of non-homogeneous properties are soil, home, animals, and trees. Other than that, usable (isti’mali) and perishable (istihlaki) property. Usable (Isti’mali) property is a property that would remain even after if is used such as land, car, cloth, books.
Perishable (istihlaki) property is a property which does not survive once it is consumed. For example, food, water, petrol, paper and money are considered perishable properties as they could only be used once. Perishable properties are most of the time homogeneous properties. While dealing with these properties it is necessary to observe certain conditions in order to avoid the possibility of riba. Then, cash (nuqud) and goods (‘urud). Nuqud refers to gold, silver, and currency while ‘urudh refers to unmodified merchandise. Examples of items (‘uruds) are silk or cotton cloth and watches. According to Malikis, a partnership partner can contribute goods. Other schools disagree and argued that all partners should contribute in cash. Last but not least, tangible and intangible property.
Tangible property or corporeal property refers to things that has its own physical existence that can be see and touch. Examples of tangible property are land, vehicle, books, laptops and etc. Intangible property, also known as incorporeal property, describes something which a person or corporation can have ownership of and can transfer ownership to another person or corporation, but has no physical substance. Intangible properties are often intellectual properties, and as a result, it’s difficult to assign a value to them because of the uncertainty of the future benefits. For example, brand identity, services, financial rights, patents and etc.
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