FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE   Please  note – only the information covered in the first 4 weeks will be on the Midterm!   Some  of these concepts are covered early in the course; others are covered after the midterm. This serves as a guide to help you as you are preparing and studying for the midterm and final. Reviewing the text, notes, and powerpoints along with this list is also  recommended.  

  Stages  of Play
 Attribution  Theory/Rotter’s Theory (internal  vs external)
 Characteristics  of Expert Teachers (content vs pedagogy)
 Characteristics  of Expert Students (self-efficacy, volition, effort)
 Chomsky
 Ainsworth’s  attachment theory

 Piaget  Equilibration, assimilation, accommodation
 Stages
 Research support  
 Critical  Thinking/Creativity
 Vygotsky (ZPD,  scaffolding and intervention)

 Maslow’s  theory/Deficiency vs growth needs
 Classical  Conditioning/Pavlov  UCS, CS, UCR, CR
 Stimulus generalization  
 (Little  Albert, Pavlov’s dogs)
 Extinction  
 Operant  Conditioning/Learning/Skinner  Pos/Neg reinforcement and punishment
 Reinforcement schedules (fixed ratio, fixed interval, etc.)  Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence   
 Descriptive  vs. experimental research
 Social  Learning Theory
 Externalizing  vs Internalizing behaviors
 ELL/ESL  language development/ acquisition
 Kohlberg’s  theory
 Memory  ST, LT, etc.
 categories of long-term memory
 Declarative/procedural, etc.
 Memory strategies (e.g., chunking)
 Sensory register, sensory integration  
 Reasoning  Inductive, deductive (and syllogisms), prototypes, exemplars, heuristics (overconfidence, underconfidience, representativeness…)  
 Disabilities  Giftedness, autism, OHI (Other Health Impaired), SLD (Specific Learning Disability),  ADHD, Intellectual Disability, Oppositional Defiant Disorder, Emotional Disturbance  
 Intelligence  Cattell and  Horn (fluid, crystalized)
 Gardner
 Heritability,  modifiability
 Sternberg’s Triarchic theory  
 Gender  Development (theories, behavioral, biological, social learning)
 SES,  Male vs. Female differences, Poverty
 Constructivist  approach to learning
 Bloom’s
 Parenting  Styles
 Classroom  rules/behavior management
 Risk factors and mental health (depression, suicide, symptoms…)