Exam

 

1. What tissue lines the digestive tract?

 

(1pts)

 

[removed]

 

cartilage

 

[removed]

 

muscular

 

[removed]

 

connective

 

[removed]

 

epithelium

 

2) Sphincters

 

(1pts)

 

[removed]

 

are only found at the beginning of the stomach.

 

[removed]

 

are muscles in longitudinal arrangement.

 

[removed]

 

prevent movement of material through the digestive tract.

 

[removed]

 

are smooth muscles.

 

3) A bolus is formed in the

 

(1pts)

 

[removed]

 

stomach.

 

[removed]

 

esophagus.

 

[removed]

 

small intestine.

 

[removed]

 

mouth.

 

4) During the process of swallowing, the

 

(1pts)

 

[removed]

 

epiglottis closes the trachea leading to the lungs.

 

[removed]

 

epiglottis seals the esophagus.

 

[removed]

 

esophagus is temporarily closed by the glottis.

 

[removed]

 

pharynx restricts food entry to the esophagus.

 

5) Which of the following functions does the stomach perform the LEAST?

 

(1pts)

 

[removed]

 

digestion

 

[removed]

 

storage

 

[removed]

 

mixing

 

[removed]

 

absorption

 

6) “Heartburn” is caused by

 

(1pts)

 

[removed]

 

chymotrypsin sloshing back into the esophagus.

 

[removed]

 

pepsin sloshing back into the esophagus.

 

[removed]

 

intrinsic factor sloshing back into the esophagus.

 

[removed]

 

HCl sloshing back into the esophagus.

 

7) Of the following parts of the GI tract, the greatest amount of nutrient absorption takes place in the

 

(1pts)

 

[removed]

 

small intestine.

 

[removed]

 

colon.

 

[removed]

 

stomach.

 

[removed]

 

pancreas.

 

8) The main function associated with the structure of villi and microvilli is

 

(1pts)

 

[removed]

 

trapping bacteria.

 

[removed]

 

secreting digestive enzymes.

 

[removed]

 

secreting hormones.

 

[removed]

 

increasing surface area.

 

9) The liver functions to do all of the following EXCEPT

 

(1pts)

 

[removed]

 

remove toxins ingested in food.

 

[removed]

 

produce bile.

 

[removed]

 

produce glucagon.

 

[removed]

 

inactivate hormones.

 

10) The function of segmentation is to

 

(1pts)

 

[removed]

 

churn the food and mix the contents with the digestive tract.

 

[removed]

 

churn the food and mix the contents with the digestive tract and also bring the contents to the wall of the tract where they could be absorbed.

 

[removed]

 

move the food through the digestive tract.

 

[removed]

 

produce a wavelike push of the gut contents through the system.

 

11) Which hormones slow down stomach emptying?

 

(1pts)

 

[removed]

 

gastrin and somatostatin

 

[removed]

 

leptin and gastrin

 

[removed]

 

somatostatin and secretin

 

[removed]

 

secretin and cholecystokinin

 

12) The large intestine begins as the

 

(1pts)

 

[removed]

 

duodenum

 

[removed]

 

cecum

 

[removed]

 

appendix

 

[removed]

 

ileum

 

13) Sodium, potassium, and calcium are referred to as 

 

(1pts)

 

[removed]

 

acids.

 

[removed]

 

bases.

 

[removed]

 

nonelectrolytes.

 

[removed]

 

electrolytes.

 

14) An enzyme produced by the kidneys that helps to regulate blood pressure is

 

(1pts)

 

[removed]

 

aldosterone.

 

[removed]

 

renin.

 

[removed]

 

erythropoietin.

 

[removed]

 

angiotensin.

 

15) Most of the filtrate produced at the glomerulus is reabsorbed by the

 

(1pts)

 

[removed]

 

peritubular capillary.

 

[removed]

 

distal tubules.

 

[removed]

 

proximal tubules.

 

[removed]

 

loop of Henle.

 

16) What amount of the fluid removed from the blood is eventually returned to the blood?

 

(1pts)

 

[removed]

 

almost 99 percent

 

[removed]

 

about 59 percent

 

[removed]

 

less than 90 percent

 

[removed]

 

a mere 0.9 percent

 

17) The antidiuretic hormone

 

(1pts)

 

[removed]

 

is produced by the anterior pituitary gland.

 

[removed]

 

acts on the proximal tubules of nephrons in the kidney.

 

[removed]

 

promotes processes that lead to an increase in the volume of urine.

 

[removed]

 

promotes processes that lead to a decrease in the volume of urine.

 

18) If blood pH falls outside of the normal range for too long, which system suffers most?

 

(1pts)

 

[removed]

 

skeletal system

 

[removed]

 

muscular system

 

[removed]

 

central nervous system

 

[removed]

 

cardiovascular system

 

19) Severe vomiting or dehydration and overuse of antacids may bring about which condition?

 

(1pts)

 

[removed]

 

respiratory acidosis

 

[removed]

 

respiratory alkalosis

 

[removed]

 

metabolic alkalosis

 

[removed]

 

metabolic acidosis

 

20) Which hormone causes less sodium and less water to be excreted in the urine?

 

(1pts)

 

[removed]

 

ADH

 

[removed]

 

aldosterone

 

[removed]

 

insulin

 

[removed]

 

angiotensin

 

21) The hormone that controls the concentration of urine is

 

(1pts)

 

[removed]

 

glucagon

 

[removed]

 

insulin

 

[removed]

 

antidiuretic hormone

 

[removed]

 

epinephrine

 

22) Which is the only system that does not contribute to homeostasis?

 

(1pts)

 

[removed]

 

reproductive

 

[removed]

 

immune

 

[removed]

 

digestive

 

[removed]

 

urinary

 

23) Sperm and eggs are referred to as

 

(1pts)

 

[removed]

 

gonads.

 

[removed]

 

gametes.

 

[removed]

 

germ cells.

 

[removed]

 

zygotes.

 

24) The thick layer of smooth muscle in the uterus is the

 

(1pts)

 

[removed]

 

endometrium

 

[removed]

 

epimetrium

 

[removed]

 

myometrium.

 

[removed]

 

perimetrium

 

25) The end of the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle coincides with

 

(1pts)

 

[removed]

 

ovulation.

 

[removed]

 

fertilization.

 

[removed]

 

menstruation.

 

[removed]

 

menopause.

 

26) What does the oocyte complete prior to ovulation?

 

(1pts)

 

[removed]

 

mitosis

 

[removed]

 

meiosis II

 

[removed]

 

meiosis I

 

[removed]

 

cleavage

 

27) Ovulation is triggered by

 

(1pts)

 

[removed]

 

low levels of estrogen.

 

[removed]

 

low levels of LH.

 

[removed]

 

high levels of chorionic gonadotropin.

 

[removed]

 

high levels of LH.

 

28) Which of the following is the last structure that a sperm travels through as it leaves the body?

 

(1pts)

 

[removed]

 

ductus deferens

 

[removed]

 

epididymis

 

[removed]

 

ureter

 

[removed]

 

urethra

 

29) Sperm production occurs in the

 

(1pts)

 

[removed]

 

testes.

 

[removed]

 

ductus deferens.

 

[removed]

 

epididymis.

 

[removed]

 

prostate gland.

 

30) Spermatogonia develop into

 

(1pts)

 

[removed]

 

spermatids.

 

[removed]

 

primary spermatocytes.

 

[removed]

 

secondary spermatocytes.

 

[removed]

 

spermatozoans.