Health Conditions Diagnosis

Primary Diagnosis

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)-BPH is an enlargement of the prostate occurring in older men that is not malignant. According to Buttaro et al. (2017), symptoms can be either obstructive or irritative. These symptoms are called lower urinary tract symptoms due to a decline in the presentation of urinary frequency and nocturia being present for months with an increase in frequency, which is consistent with a diagnosis of BPH. A number of reasons can lead to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and most of these factors are present in the patient. Age is one of these factors because as one age, the prostate gland enlargement leads to symptoms being exhibited by the patient. It is estimated that a third of all men experience severe or moderate symptoms as they reach the age of 60, while more than 50 percent experience these symptoms at the age of 80. There is no evidence that his father had Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia problems because he died at a young age but the mother has hypertension, which shows that the patient is susceptible to lifestyle diseases if he does not live a healthy life (International Agency for Research on Cancer, 2016). Physical exercises can make help protect one from getting Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. In this case, from the social activities, the 52-year-old participates in shows that he does not participate in any physical exercises and this may be one of the reasons he cannot live a quality life devoid of sickness. 

Differential Diagnosis

1. Urinary Tract Infection

The 52-year-old might also be suffering from urinary tract infection (UTI), which is an infection affecting any part of the urinary system that includes the ureters, kidneys, urethra, and the bladder. However, most infections affect the urethra and the bladder and this is why they cause a lot of sharp pain (Klumpp, Stapleton, & Mulvey, 2017). Even though women are more susceptible to these infections, men can also get them and the infections that are limited to the bladder can be excruciatingly painful, especially when one is urinating. It is vital to mention that if left untreated, UTI can spread to the other organs of the body such as the kidneys, which can lead to serious health problems such as kidney failure. One of the reasons why men get UTI is weak or suppressed immune system and this is what happens when one starts getting old.

2. Prostatitis 

Prostatitis can be described as the inflammation or swelling of the prostate gland that is located just below the bladder in men. The role of this gland is to produce semen, which transports and nourishes sperms (International Agency for Research on Cancer, 2016). The main symptoms of prostatitis as a condition are that it leads to difficult and painful urination. This is what makes it hard for people diagnosed with prostatitis to live a comfortable life until this condition has been treated. Other symptoms may include sharp pain in the pelvic area, groin, or genitals. Flu-like symptoms may also be observed. It is vital to mention that prostatitis can affect men of all ages. However, it tends to be more prevalent in men who are 50 years and below. A number of factors can lead to prostatitis, one of them being a bacterial infection (International Agency for Research on Cancer, 2016). This type of prostatitis can easily be treated with a dose of antibiotics.

3. Type 2 Diabetes 

Type 2 diabetes can be described as a chronic disease that affects how the body metabolizes glucose or sugar, which is an important component in fueling the body to perform different vital functions. When one has type 2 diabetes, their body resists the effects of insulin or it does not produce enough insulin making it hard for the body to produce enough glucose levels that can effectively fuel body functions (Chughtai, 2018). Type 2 diabetes affects people of all ages but one becomes more susceptible to it as they age. It does not have a cure but it can be managed by eating healthy, exercising regularly, and losing weight. 

Role of History and Physical Exam in Diagnosis

In the healthcare industry where medical services are offered, it is important for a patient to undergo Physical Exam to help diagnose the health conditions they are having so that the suitable medical care can be offered to them (Chughtai, 2018). When the physical diagnosis is being conducted, it is vital for the medical profession to consider the historical diagnosis of the patient because it helps doctors understand the health history of the patient and if they are susceptible to some conditions or not.  

Potential Treatment Options

The patient should start living a healthy life where they should start eating healthy foods as recommended by their doctor or nutritionist, as well as engaging in physical exercises such as running, swimming, or going to the gym to help control their weight (Chughtai, 2018). In case the patient has a UTI infection, it is important for the patient to be given a strong dose of antibiotics to help clear the infection and help restore their health. 

References

Chughtai, B. (2018). A Comprehensive Guide to the Prostate: Eastern and Western Approaches

For Management of BPH. New York, NY: Elsevier Science.

International Agency for Research on Cancer. (2016). WHO Classification of Tumours of the

Urinary System and Male Genital Organs. London, UK: International Agency for Research on Cancer.

Klumpp, D., Stapleton., A., & Mulvey, M. (2017). Urinary Tract Infections: MolecularPathogenesis and Clinical Management. Chicago, IL: ASM Press.