Nursing Models

The Health Belief Model

The Health Belief Model or HBM was established in the 1950s by social psychologists within the US Public Health Service. This model was established in an attempt to shed light on the prevalent failure of individuals towards taking action to prevent contacting a disease.  It has been established that people take preventive measures towards avoiding a disease if they feel that they would be susceptible to the illness or if the illness is regarded as severe (Monica et al. , 2003). Additionally people take the necessary preventive actions if they have a view that it would be beneficial in decreasing the disease’s susceptibility or severity, and if they are of the view that the predictable barriers towards taking action are outweighed by benefits.

For a majority of the African American as well as Latino women with regards to HIV/AIDS prevention through the usage of a condom, the perceived benefits of condom use outweighs the threat of contracting the disease. For instance, producing a condom might suggest mistrust issues thus leading to more unstable relationships (Gilbert et al., 2009).  Studies have shown that African American as well as Latino women view condoms as being an obstruction to lover spontaneity, a distract to sexual pleasure and unromantic.  Both groups associate condom usage to casual relationships, emotional intimacy rejection as well as infidelity (Monica et al. , 2003). Every one of the above things occurs in spite of the immense information regarding the risks of failure to use condoms along with the effects of HIV/AIDS.  Additionally these attributions take place despite the actuality that the African American along with Latina Women accounts for a majority proportion of the entire women with AIDS within the US. This kind of mindset as well as attitude within the two groups warrants a comprehensive health education plans through identification of the potential action taking cues in addition to assisting them see the benefits of using condoms and the risks of having unprotected sex.

The self care model

The self care model asserts that every person ought to be self-reliant as well as responsible their individual care. Self care refers to the practice of activities which will maintain as well as foster self wellbeing. With regards with the prevention of HIV/AIDS spread among African American and Latina women efforts require to be made to enhance their self care initiatives (McElligott, 2010). It has been established that the two groups of women take little care towards themselves; they are greatly loyal to their men spouses. Additionally Latina and African American women are known to live care free lives that mainly are geared towards having unprotected sexual contact.

Thus a campaign of assisting the two groups establishes self care should be carried out. This is for the reason that though all other sensitization programs are carried out the basis for long standing prevention lies on self care initiatives. Thus the women training require making them aware of the importance of avoiding hazards of life.  The self care model in addition fosters and supports interaction within social groups (McElligott, 2010). It is through social groups that individuals will be able to discuss issues regarding self care and also train themselves.  To stop HIV/AIDS spread within African American As well as Latina women calls for increase in sensitization of self care through avoidance of having unprotected sex. Further the younger women from the two communities should be urged to abstain from sexual behaviors as a practice of self care (Gilbert et al., 2009). Those who already have the disease can be advised to practice self care by eating proper food as well as in taking the prescribed drugs in addition to avoiding unprotected sex.

References

Gilbert, L. et al. (2009). Addressing the Unique Needs of African American Women in HIV Prevention. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2679773/

McElligott, D. (2010). The Effect of a Holistic Program on Health-Promoting Behaviors in Hospital Registered Nurses. Retrieved from https://fpb.case.edu/News/Docs/ClickMorris_HolisticNursing2010.pdf

Monica, S. et al. (2003). Factors Related To Condom Use Among Sexually Active African American Females Using the Health Belief Model Constructs. Retrieved from http://trace.tennessee.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3738&context=utk_graddiss